On This Day In History: Cyrus The Great And His Army Took Babylon – On Oct 12, 539 BC

On October 12, 539 BC, king of Persia, Cyrus the Great and its army entered the city of Babylon. It was not however, an easy task because Babylon’s walls were difficult to penetrate.

The only way into the city was through one of its gates or through the Euphrates River. Cyrus decided to enter the city via the river. During a Babylonian national feast, Cyrus’ troops diverted the Euphrates River upstream, allowing the Persian soldiers to enter the city through the lowered water.

The Persian army conquered the outlying areas of the city while the majority of Babylonians at the city center were unaware of the events.

Under Persian rule the town of Babylon still flourished; it became a center of learning and science. In Achaemenid Persia, the ancient Babylonian arts of astronomy and mathematics were particularly supported, and Babylonian scholars completed maps of constellations.

Babylon became the administrative capital of the Persian Empire and remained very important for more than two centuries.

The Persian kings made several attempts to protect traditional religious ceremonies in the city of Babylon but the Babylonian people protested against the Persian dominance.